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A pregnant woman passes antibodies to her unborn baby through the placenta to protect against certain diseases. How long does this natural immunity last?

Eye and Ear ConditionsSee All
In some children, the openings into the tear duct don’t form the right way. This causes a blockage. The tears have no place to drain. Learn more about how this condition can affect your child, and how it's treated. ...more
 Conjunctivitis in Children in Eye and Ear Conditions
Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye. The conjunctiva is the membrane that lines the inside of the eyelids and covers the eyeball. Conjunctivitis is also known as “pink eye.” ...more
 Keratitis in Children in Eye and Ear Conditions
Keratitis is an inflammation or infection of the cornea of the eye. The cornea is the clear, dome-shaped surface that covers the front of the eye. ...more
 Styes in Children in Eye and Ear Conditions
A stye is a sore red bump on the edge of the eyelid. Styes are one of the most common eye problems in children. Here's what you should know. ...more
Swimmer’s ear (otitis externa) is an inflammation of the external ear canal. Swimmer’s ear is caused by bacteria or fungi. Water that stays in the ear canal during swimming, for instance, may let bacteria and fungi grow. ...more
In some children, the openings into the tear duct don’t form the right way. This causes a blockage. The tears have no place to drain. Learn more about how this condition can affect your child, and how it's treated. ...more
 Conjunctivitis in Children in Eye and Ear Conditions
Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye. The conjunctiva is the membrane that lines the inside of the eyelids and covers the eyeball. Conjunctivitis is also known as “pink eye.” ...more
 Keratitis in Children in Eye and Ear Conditions
Keratitis is an inflammation or infection of the cornea of the eye. The cornea is the clear, dome-shaped surface that covers the front of the eye. ...more
 Styes in Children in Eye and Ear Conditions
A stye is a sore red bump on the edge of the eyelid. Styes are one of the most common eye problems in children. Here's what you should know. ...more
Swimmer’s ear (otitis externa) is an inflammation of the external ear canal. Swimmer’s ear is caused by bacteria or fungi. Water that stays in the ear canal during swimming, for instance, may let bacteria and fungi grow. ...more
Allergies, Asthma, Respiratory ProblemsSee All
Allergic rhinitis can happen on a seasonal basis or year-round. There is often a family history of allergic rhinitis, eczema, asthma, or food allergy. Read on to learn details about treating and managing this condition. ...more
Parents of children with egg sensitivity may not be aware of the many food products that contain eggs. That's why it's important to carefully read food labels. Here's what you should know. ...more
Helpful information on helping your child follow a milk-free diet, including tips for reading food labels. ...more
A detailed look at how to follow a peanut-free diet for your child, including how to read food labels. ...more
How asthma will affect a child throughout their lifetime varies, depending on the child. ...more
Croup is a common infection in children. It causes swelling in the upper part of the airway in the neck. It causes a barking cough, with or without fever. And it may cause problems breathing. ...more
Influenza (flu) is a very contagious viral infection that affects the air passages of the lungs. It causes a high fever, body aches, a cough, and other symptoms. ...more
Tonsillitis means that your tonsils are inflamed. Your tonsils are large, fleshy glands at the back of your throat. These glands make antibodies that help fight infection. ...more
Allergic rhinitis can happen on a seasonal basis or year-round. There is often a family history of allergic rhinitis, eczema, asthma, or food allergy. Read on to learn details about treating and managing this condition. ...more
Parents of children with egg sensitivity may not be aware of the many food products that contain eggs. That's why it's important to carefully read food labels. Here's what you should know. ...more
Helpful information on helping your child follow a milk-free diet, including tips for reading food labels. ...more
A detailed look at how to follow a peanut-free diet for your child, including how to read food labels. ...more
How asthma will affect a child throughout their lifetime varies, depending on the child. ...more
Croup is a common infection in children. It causes swelling in the upper part of the airway in the neck. It causes a barking cough, with or without fever. And it may cause problems breathing. ...more
Influenza (flu) is a very contagious viral infection that affects the air passages of the lungs. It causes a high fever, body aches, a cough, and other symptoms. ...more
Tonsillitis means that your tonsils are inflamed. Your tonsils are large, fleshy glands at the back of your throat. These glands make antibodies that help fight infection. ...more
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Skin ConditionsSee All
 Acne in Children in Skin Conditions
Acne is a disorder of the hair follicles and sebaceous glands. Hair follicles are the areas around the base or root of each hair. Sebaceous glands are the tiny glands that release oil (sebum) into the hair follicles. The sebum moistens the skin and hair. The sebum and hair get to the skin surface through tiny holes called pores. ...more
 Fifth Disease in Children in Skin Conditions
Fifth disease is a viral illness that causes a rash. It occurs most often in the winter and spring. ...more
 Poison Ivy, Oak, and Sumac Rash in Skin Conditions
Detailed information on poison ivy, including symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. ...more
 Warts in Children in Skin Conditions
Warts on the skin are harmless growths. They are caused by a virus. Warts can spread to other parts of the body and to other people. ...more
 Contact Dermatitis in Skin Conditions
Contact dermatitis is a reaction that happens after your skin comes in contact with certain substances. Skin irritants cause most contact dermatitis reactions. Other cases are caused by allergens, which set off an allergic response. ...more
 Impetigo in Children in Skin Conditions
Impetigo is a skin infection. When it affects just the surface, it’s called superficial impetigo. Impetigo can also affect deeper parts of the skin. This is called ecthyma. It may occur on healthy skin. Or it may occur where the skin was injured by a cut, scrape, or insect bite. ...more
 Birthmarks in Skin Conditions
Detailed information on birthmarks and the different types, including vascular birthmarks, hemangiomas, and port-wine stains. ...more
 Head Lice in Children in Skin Conditions
Head lice are tiny parasitic bugs that can infest the skin. They live on people’s heads and feed on their blood. Head lice can cause intense itching. ...more
 Acne in Children in Skin Conditions
Acne is a disorder of the hair follicles and sebaceous glands. Hair follicles are the areas around the base or root of each hair. Sebaceous glands are the tiny glands that release oil (sebum) into the hair follicles. The sebum moistens the skin and hair. The sebum and hair get to the skin surface through tiny holes called pores. ...more
 Fifth Disease in Children in Skin Conditions
Fifth disease is a viral illness that causes a rash. It occurs most often in the winter and spring. ...more
 Poison Ivy, Oak, and Sumac Rash in Skin Conditions
Detailed information on poison ivy, including symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. ...more
 Warts in Children in Skin Conditions
Warts on the skin are harmless growths. They are caused by a virus. Warts can spread to other parts of the body and to other people. ...more
 Contact Dermatitis in Skin Conditions
Contact dermatitis is a reaction that happens after your skin comes in contact with certain substances. Skin irritants cause most contact dermatitis reactions. Other cases are caused by allergens, which set off an allergic response. ...more
 Impetigo in Children in Skin Conditions
Impetigo is a skin infection. When it affects just the surface, it’s called superficial impetigo. Impetigo can also affect deeper parts of the skin. This is called ecthyma. It may occur on healthy skin. Or it may occur where the skin was injured by a cut, scrape, or insect bite. ...more
 Birthmarks in Skin Conditions
Detailed information on birthmarks and the different types, including vascular birthmarks, hemangiomas, and port-wine stains. ...more
 Head Lice in Children in Skin Conditions
Head lice are tiny parasitic bugs that can infest the skin. They live on people’s heads and feed on their blood. Head lice can cause intense itching. ...more
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Diabetes and Blood Pressure ProblemsSee All
Diabetes occurs when not enough insulin is made, or when the body is unable to use the insulin that is made. The three main types of diabetes are type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes. ...more
Diabetes is a condition in which the body can't make enough insulin, or can't use insulin normally. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder. The body's immune system damages the cells in the pancreas that make insulin. Insulin is a hormone. It helps sugar (glucose) in the blood get into cells of the body to be used as fuel. When glucose can’t enter the cells, it builds up in the blood. This is called high blood sugar (hyperglycemia). ...more
Diabetes is a condition in which the body can't make enough insulin, or can't use insulin normally. Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder. Insulin is a hormone. It helps sugar (glucose) in the blood get into cells of the body to be used as fuel. When glucose can’t enter the cells, it builds up in the blood. This is called high blood sugar (hyperglycemia). High blood sugar can cause problems all over the body. ...more
Detailed information on special considerations for teens with diabetes....more
Blood pressure is the force of the blood pushing against the artery walls. High blood pressure (hypertension) means that the pressure inside the arteries is too high. This higher pressure may harm the arteries and cause the heart to work harder. ...more
High blood pressure, isn't limited to those 18 and older. Here's what you need to know about high blood pressure and your child. ...more
Detailed information on diagnosing and evaluating heart disease in children...more
Diabetes occurs when not enough insulin is made, or when the body is unable to use the insulin that is made. The three main types of diabetes are type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes. ...more
Diabetes is a condition in which the body can't make enough insulin, or can't use insulin normally. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder. The body's immune system damages the cells in the pancreas that make insulin. Insulin is a hormone. It helps sugar (glucose) in the blood get into cells of the body to be used as fuel. When glucose can’t enter the cells, it builds up in the blood. This is called high blood sugar (hyperglycemia). ...more
Diabetes is a condition in which the body can't make enough insulin, or can't use insulin normally. Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder. Insulin is a hormone. It helps sugar (glucose) in the blood get into cells of the body to be used as fuel. When glucose can’t enter the cells, it builds up in the blood. This is called high blood sugar (hyperglycemia). High blood sugar can cause problems all over the body. ...more
Detailed information on special considerations for teens with diabetes....more
Blood pressure is the force of the blood pushing against the artery walls. High blood pressure (hypertension) means that the pressure inside the arteries is too high. This higher pressure may harm the arteries and cause the heart to work harder. ...more
High blood pressure, isn't limited to those 18 and older. Here's what you need to know about high blood pressure and your child. ...more
Detailed information on diagnosing and evaluating heart disease in children...more
Bone ConditionsSee All
Osgood-Schlatter disease is an overuse condition in children. It's when the tendon in a knee becomes injured and inflamed. ...more
 Fractures in Children in Bone Conditions
A fracture is a partial or complete break in the bone. When a fracture happens, it is classified as either open or closed. ...more
 Kyphosis in Bone Conditions
A spine affected by kyphosis has a forward curvature of the back bones (vertebrae) in the upper back area, giving an abnormally rounded or humpback appearance. ...more
 Lordosis in Children in Bone Conditions
Lordosis is a deformity of the backbone (spine). It's when the bones of the spine (vertebrae) in the lower back curve inward more than normal. ...more
 Scoliosis in Children in Bone Conditions
Scoliosis is a deformity of the backbone (spine). It's when the spine has a side-to-side curve. The curve of the spine measures 10° or more. ...more
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is a condition of the hip joint that affects children. In SCFE, the ball of the thighbone (femoral head) slips off the neck of the thighbone. ...more
 Sever Disease in Children in Bone Conditions
Sever disease occurs when a tendon in 1 or both of your child's heels becomes injured and inflamed. ...more
Osgood-Schlatter disease is an overuse condition in children. It's when the tendon in a knee becomes injured and inflamed. ...more
 Fractures in Children in Bone Conditions
A fracture is a partial or complete break in the bone. When a fracture happens, it is classified as either open or closed. ...more
 Kyphosis in Bone Conditions
A spine affected by kyphosis has a forward curvature of the back bones (vertebrae) in the upper back area, giving an abnormally rounded or humpback appearance. ...more
 Lordosis in Children in Bone Conditions
Lordosis is a deformity of the backbone (spine). It's when the bones of the spine (vertebrae) in the lower back curve inward more than normal. ...more
 Scoliosis in Children in Bone Conditions
Scoliosis is a deformity of the backbone (spine). It's when the spine has a side-to-side curve. The curve of the spine measures 10° or more. ...more
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is a condition of the hip joint that affects children. In SCFE, the ball of the thighbone (femoral head) slips off the neck of the thighbone. ...more
 Sever Disease in Children in Bone Conditions
Sever disease occurs when a tendon in 1 or both of your child's heels becomes injured and inflamed. ...more
Infectious DiseasesSee All
 Chickenpox in Infectious Diseases
Chickenpox is a common childhood disease that causes an itchy, blistering rash and is easily spread to others. Read more about it. ...more
 Hepatitis in Children in Infectious Diseases
Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver. It can damage and destroy liver cells....more
Infectious mononucleosis is a contagious illness. It’s common in teens and young adults....more
 Meningitis in Children in Infectious Diseases
Meningitis is most often caused by a bacterial or viral infection that moves into the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF). ...more
 Mumps in Children in Infectious Diseases
Mumps is a very contagious viral illness that infects the pair of salivary glands in front of the ears. Cases of mumps in the U.S. happen much less often since the mumps vaccine has been used. ...more
 Tetanus in Children in Infectious Diseases
Tetanus is a severe illness of the central nervous system caused by bacteria. It's not contagious. It can be prevented by a vaccine. ...more
Whooping cough (pertussis) is a contagious illness. It causes intense fits (paroxysms) of coughing. It mainly affects babies and young children. ...more
 Roseola in Children in Infectious Diseases
Roseola is a contagious viral illness. It causes a high fever and then a rash that develops as the fever goes away. ...more
 Chickenpox in Infectious Diseases
Chickenpox is a common childhood disease that causes an itchy, blistering rash and is easily spread to others. Read more about it. ...more
 Hepatitis in Children in Infectious Diseases
Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver. It can damage and destroy liver cells....more
Infectious mononucleosis is a contagious illness. It’s common in teens and young adults....more
 Meningitis in Children in Infectious Diseases
Meningitis is most often caused by a bacterial or viral infection that moves into the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF). ...more
 Mumps in Children in Infectious Diseases
Mumps is a very contagious viral illness that infects the pair of salivary glands in front of the ears. Cases of mumps in the U.S. happen much less often since the mumps vaccine has been used. ...more
 Tetanus in Children in Infectious Diseases
Tetanus is a severe illness of the central nervous system caused by bacteria. It's not contagious. It can be prevented by a vaccine. ...more
Whooping cough (pertussis) is a contagious illness. It causes intense fits (paroxysms) of coughing. It mainly affects babies and young children. ...more
 Roseola in Children in Infectious Diseases
Roseola is a contagious viral illness. It causes a high fever and then a rash that develops as the fever goes away. ...more
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